727 lines
25 KiB
Python
727 lines
25 KiB
Python
#!/usr/bin/env python
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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#
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# Copyright 2011 Yesudeep Mangalapilly <yesudeep@gmail.com>
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# Copyright 2012 Google, Inc.
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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"""
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:module: watchdog.observers.kqueue
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:synopsis: ``kqueue(2)`` based emitter implementation.
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:author: yesudeep@google.com (Yesudeep Mangalapilly)
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:platforms: Mac OS X and BSD with kqueue(2).
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.. WARNING:: kqueue is a very heavyweight way to monitor file systems.
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Each kqueue-detected directory modification triggers
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a full directory scan. Traversing the entire directory tree
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and opening file descriptors for all files will create
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performance problems. We need to find a way to re-scan
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only those directories which report changes and do a diff
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between two sub-DirectorySnapshots perhaps.
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.. ADMONITION:: About ``select.kqueue`` and Python versions
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* Python 2.5 does not ship with ``select.kqueue``
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* Python 2.6 ships with a broken ``select.kqueue`` that cannot take
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multiple events in the event list passed to ``kqueue.control``.
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* Python 2.7 ships with a working ``select.kqueue``
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implementation.
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I have backported the Python 2.7 implementation to Python 2.5 and 2.6
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in the ``select_backport`` package available on PyPI.
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.. ADMONITION:: About OS X performance guidelines
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Quote from the `Mac OS X File System Performance Guidelines`_:
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"When you only want to track changes on a file or directory, be sure to
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open it using the ``O_EVTONLY`` flag. This flag prevents the file or
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directory from being marked as open or in use. This is important
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if you are tracking files on a removable volume and the user tries to
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unmount the volume. With this flag in place, the system knows it can
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dismiss the volume. If you had opened the files or directories without
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this flag, the volume would be marked as busy and would not be
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unmounted."
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``O_EVTONLY`` is defined as ``0x8000`` in the OS X header files.
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More information here: http://www.mlsite.net/blog/?p=2312
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Classes
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-------
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.. autoclass:: KqueueEmitter
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:members:
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:show-inheritance:
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Collections and Utility Classes
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-------------------------------
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.. autoclass:: KeventDescriptor
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:members:
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:show-inheritance:
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.. autoclass:: KeventDescriptorSet
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:members:
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:show-inheritance:
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.. _Mac OS X File System Performance Guidelines: http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#documentation/Performance/Conceptual/FileSystem/Articles/TrackingChanges.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/20001993-CJBJFIDD
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"""
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from __future__ import with_statement
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from ..utils import platform
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import threading
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import errno
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import sys
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import stat
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import os
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# See the notes for this module in the documentation above ^.
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#import select
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# if not has_attribute(select, 'kqueue') or sys.version_info < (2, 7, 0):
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if sys.version_info < (2, 7, 0):
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import select_backport as select
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else:
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import select
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from ...pathtools.path import absolute_path
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from ..observers.api import (
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BaseObserver,
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EventEmitter,
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DEFAULT_OBSERVER_TIMEOUT,
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DEFAULT_EMITTER_TIMEOUT
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)
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from ..utils.dirsnapshot import DirectorySnapshot
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from ..events import (
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DirMovedEvent,
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DirDeletedEvent,
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DirCreatedEvent,
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DirModifiedEvent,
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FileMovedEvent,
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FileDeletedEvent,
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FileCreatedEvent,
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FileModifiedEvent,
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EVENT_TYPE_MOVED,
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EVENT_TYPE_DELETED,
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EVENT_TYPE_CREATED
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)
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# Maximum number of events to process.
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MAX_EVENTS = 4096
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# O_EVTONLY value from the header files for OS X only.
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O_EVTONLY = 0x8000
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# Pre-calculated values for the kevent filter, flags, and fflags attributes.
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if platform.is_darwin():
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WATCHDOG_OS_OPEN_FLAGS = O_EVTONLY
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else:
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WATCHDOG_OS_OPEN_FLAGS = os.O_RDONLY | os.O_NONBLOCK
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WATCHDOG_KQ_FILTER = select.KQ_FILTER_VNODE
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WATCHDOG_KQ_EV_FLAGS = select.KQ_EV_ADD | select.KQ_EV_ENABLE | select.KQ_EV_CLEAR
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WATCHDOG_KQ_FFLAGS = (
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select.KQ_NOTE_DELETE |
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select.KQ_NOTE_WRITE |
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select.KQ_NOTE_EXTEND |
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select.KQ_NOTE_ATTRIB |
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select.KQ_NOTE_LINK |
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select.KQ_NOTE_RENAME |
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select.KQ_NOTE_REVOKE
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)
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# Flag tests.
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def is_deleted(kev):
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"""Determines whether the given kevent represents deletion."""
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return kev.fflags & select.KQ_NOTE_DELETE
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def is_modified(kev):
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"""Determines whether the given kevent represents modification."""
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fflags = kev.fflags
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return (fflags & select.KQ_NOTE_EXTEND) or (fflags & select.KQ_NOTE_WRITE)
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def is_attrib_modified(kev):
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"""Determines whether the given kevent represents attribute modification."""
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return kev.fflags & select.KQ_NOTE_ATTRIB
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def is_renamed(kev):
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"""Determines whether the given kevent represents movement."""
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return kev.fflags & select.KQ_NOTE_RENAME
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class KeventDescriptorSet(object):
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"""
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Thread-safe kevent descriptor collection.
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"""
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def __init__(self):
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# Set of KeventDescriptor
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self._descriptors = set()
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# Descriptor for a given path.
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self._descriptor_for_path = dict()
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# Descriptor for a given fd.
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self._descriptor_for_fd = dict()
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# List of kevent objects.
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self._kevents = list()
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self._lock = threading.Lock()
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@property
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def kevents(self):
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"""
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List of kevents monitored.
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"""
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with self._lock:
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return self._kevents
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@property
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def paths(self):
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"""
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List of paths for which kevents have been created.
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"""
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with self._lock:
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return list(self._descriptor_for_path.keys())
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def get_for_fd(self, fd):
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"""
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Given a file descriptor, returns the kevent descriptor object
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for it.
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:param fd:
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OS file descriptor.
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:type fd:
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``int``
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:returns:
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A :class:`KeventDescriptor` object.
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"""
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with self._lock:
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return self._descriptor_for_fd[fd]
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def get(self, path):
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"""
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Obtains a :class:`KeventDescriptor` object for the specified path.
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:param path:
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Path for which the descriptor will be obtained.
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"""
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with self._lock:
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path = absolute_path(path)
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return self._get(path)
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def __contains__(self, path):
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"""
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Determines whether a :class:`KeventDescriptor has been registered
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for the specified path.
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:param path:
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Path for which the descriptor will be obtained.
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"""
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with self._lock:
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path = absolute_path(path)
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return self._has_path(path)
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def add(self, path, is_directory):
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"""
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Adds a :class:`KeventDescriptor` to the collection for the given
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path.
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:param path:
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The path for which a :class:`KeventDescriptor` object will be
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added.
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:param is_directory:
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``True`` if the path refers to a directory; ``False`` otherwise.
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:type is_directory:
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``bool``
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"""
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with self._lock:
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path = absolute_path(path)
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if not self._has_path(path):
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self._add_descriptor(KeventDescriptor(path, is_directory))
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def remove(self, path):
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"""
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Removes the :class:`KeventDescriptor` object for the given path
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if it already exists.
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:param path:
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Path for which the :class:`KeventDescriptor` object will be
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removed.
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"""
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with self._lock:
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path = absolute_path(path)
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if self._has_path(path):
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self._remove_descriptor(self._get(path))
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def clear(self):
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"""
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Clears the collection and closes all open descriptors.
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"""
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with self._lock:
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for descriptor in self._descriptors:
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descriptor.close()
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self._descriptors.clear()
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self._descriptor_for_fd.clear()
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self._descriptor_for_path.clear()
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self._kevents = []
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# Thread-unsafe methods. Locking is provided at a higher level.
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def _get(self, path):
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"""Returns a kevent descriptor for a given path."""
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return self._descriptor_for_path[path]
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def _has_path(self, path):
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"""Determines whether a :class:`KeventDescriptor` for the specified
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path exists already in the collection."""
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return path in self._descriptor_for_path
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def _add_descriptor(self, descriptor):
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"""
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Adds a descriptor to the collection.
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:param descriptor:
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An instance of :class:`KeventDescriptor` to be added.
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"""
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self._descriptors.add(descriptor)
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self._kevents.append(descriptor.kevent)
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self._descriptor_for_path[descriptor.path] = descriptor
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self._descriptor_for_fd[descriptor.fd] = descriptor
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def _remove_descriptor(self, descriptor):
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"""
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Removes a descriptor from the collection.
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:param descriptor:
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An instance of :class:`KeventDescriptor` to be removed.
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"""
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self._descriptors.remove(descriptor)
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del self._descriptor_for_fd[descriptor.fd]
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del self._descriptor_for_path[descriptor.path]
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self._kevents.remove(descriptor.kevent)
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descriptor.close()
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class KeventDescriptor(object):
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"""
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A kevent descriptor convenience data structure to keep together:
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* kevent
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* directory status
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* path
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* file descriptor
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:param path:
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Path string for which a kevent descriptor will be created.
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:param is_directory:
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``True`` if the path refers to a directory; ``False`` otherwise.
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:type is_directory:
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``bool``
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"""
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def __init__(self, path, is_directory):
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self._path = absolute_path(path)
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self._is_directory = is_directory
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self._fd = os.open(path, WATCHDOG_OS_OPEN_FLAGS)
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self._kev = select.kevent(self._fd,
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filter=WATCHDOG_KQ_FILTER,
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flags=WATCHDOG_KQ_EV_FLAGS,
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fflags=WATCHDOG_KQ_FFLAGS)
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@property
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def fd(self):
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"""OS file descriptor for the kevent descriptor."""
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return self._fd
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@property
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def path(self):
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"""The path associated with the kevent descriptor."""
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return self._path
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@property
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def kevent(self):
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"""The kevent object associated with the kevent descriptor."""
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return self._kev
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@property
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def is_directory(self):
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"""Determines whether the kevent descriptor refers to a directory.
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:returns:
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``True`` or ``False``
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"""
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return self._is_directory
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def close(self):
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"""
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Closes the file descriptor associated with a kevent descriptor.
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"""
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try:
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os.close(self.fd)
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except OSError:
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pass
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@property
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def key(self):
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return (self.path, self.is_directory)
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def __eq__(self, descriptor):
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return self.key == descriptor.key
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def __ne__(self, descriptor):
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return self.key != descriptor.key
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def __hash__(self):
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return hash(self.key)
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def __repr__(self):
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return "<KeventDescriptor: path=%s, is_directory=%s>"\
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% (self.path, self.is_directory)
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class KqueueEmitter(EventEmitter):
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"""
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kqueue(2)-based event emitter.
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.. ADMONITION:: About ``kqueue(2)`` behavior and this implementation
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``kqueue(2)`` monitors file system events only for
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open descriptors, which means, this emitter does a lot of
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book-keeping behind the scenes to keep track of open
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descriptors for every entry in the monitored directory tree.
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This also means the number of maximum open file descriptors
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on your system must be increased **manually**.
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Usually, issuing a call to ``ulimit`` should suffice::
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ulimit -n 1024
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Ensure that you pick a number that is larger than the
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number of files you expect to be monitored.
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``kqueue(2)`` does not provide enough information about the
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following things:
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* The destination path of a file or directory that is renamed.
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* Creation of a file or directory within a directory; in this
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case, ``kqueue(2)`` only indicates a modified event on the
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parent directory.
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Therefore, this emitter takes a snapshot of the directory
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tree when ``kqueue(2)`` detects a change on the file system
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to be able to determine the above information.
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:param event_queue:
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The event queue to fill with events.
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:param watch:
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A watch object representing the directory to monitor.
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:type watch:
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:class:`watchdog.observers.api.ObservedWatch`
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:param timeout:
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Read events blocking timeout (in seconds).
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:type timeout:
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``float``
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"""
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def __init__(self, event_queue, watch, timeout=DEFAULT_EMITTER_TIMEOUT):
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EventEmitter.__init__(self, event_queue, watch, timeout)
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self._kq = select.kqueue()
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self._lock = threading.RLock()
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# A collection of KeventDescriptor.
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self._descriptors = KeventDescriptorSet()
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def walker_callback(path, stat_info, self=self):
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self._register_kevent(path, stat.S_ISDIR(stat_info.st_mode))
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self._snapshot = DirectorySnapshot(watch.path,
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watch.is_recursive,
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walker_callback)
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def _register_kevent(self, path, is_directory):
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"""
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Registers a kevent descriptor for the given path.
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:param path:
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Path for which a kevent descriptor will be created.
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:param is_directory:
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``True`` if the path refers to a directory; ``False`` otherwise.
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:type is_directory:
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``bool``
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"""
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try:
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self._descriptors.add(path, is_directory)
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except OSError as e:
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if e.errno == errno.ENOENT:
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# Probably dealing with a temporary file that was created
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# and then quickly deleted before we could open
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# a descriptor for it. Therefore, simply queue a sequence
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# of created and deleted events for the path.
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#path = absolute_path(path)
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# if is_directory:
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# self.queue_event(DirCreatedEvent(path))
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# self.queue_event(DirDeletedEvent(path))
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# else:
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# self.queue_event(FileCreatedEvent(path))
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# self.queue_event(FileDeletedEvent(path))
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# TODO: We could simply ignore these files.
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# Locked files cause the python process to die with
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# a bus error when we handle temporary files.
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# eg. .git/index.lock when running tig operations.
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# I don't fully understand this at the moment.
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pass
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else:
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# All other errors are propagated.
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raise
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def _unregister_kevent(self, path):
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"""
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Convenience function to close the kevent descriptor for a
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specified kqueue-monitored path.
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:param path:
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Path for which the kevent descriptor will be closed.
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"""
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self._descriptors.remove(path)
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def queue_event(self, event):
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"""
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Handles queueing a single event object.
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:param event:
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An instance of :class:`watchdog.events.FileSystemEvent`
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or a subclass.
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"""
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# Handles all the book keeping for queued events.
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# We do not need to fire moved/deleted events for all subitems in
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# a directory tree here, because this function is called by kqueue
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# for all those events anyway.
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EventEmitter.queue_event(self, event)
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if event.event_type == EVENT_TYPE_CREATED:
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self._register_kevent(event.src_path, event.is_directory)
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elif event.event_type == EVENT_TYPE_MOVED:
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self._unregister_kevent(event.src_path)
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self._register_kevent(event.dest_path, event.is_directory)
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elif event.event_type == EVENT_TYPE_DELETED:
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self._unregister_kevent(event.src_path)
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def _queue_dirs_modified(self,
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dirs_modified,
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ref_snapshot,
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new_snapshot):
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"""
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Queues events for directory modifications by scanning the directory
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for changes.
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A scan is a comparison between two snapshots of the same directory
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taken at two different times. This also determines whether files
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or directories were created, which updated the modified timestamp
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for the directory.
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"""
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if dirs_modified:
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for dir_modified in dirs_modified:
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self.queue_event(DirModifiedEvent(dir_modified))
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diff_events = new_snapshot - ref_snapshot
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for file_created in diff_events.files_created:
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self.queue_event(FileCreatedEvent(file_created))
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for directory_created in diff_events.dirs_created:
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self.queue_event(DirCreatedEvent(directory_created))
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def _queue_events_except_renames_and_dir_modifications(self, event_list):
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"""
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Queues events from the kevent list returned from the call to
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:meth:`select.kqueue.control`.
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.. NOTE:: Queues only the deletions, file modifications,
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attribute modifications. The other events, namely,
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file creation, directory modification, file rename,
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directory rename, directory creation, etc. are
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determined by comparing directory snapshots.
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"""
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files_renamed = set()
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dirs_renamed = set()
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dirs_modified = set()
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for kev in event_list:
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descriptor = self._descriptors.get_for_fd(kev.ident)
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src_path = descriptor.path
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if is_deleted(kev):
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if descriptor.is_directory:
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self.queue_event(DirDeletedEvent(src_path))
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else:
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self.queue_event(FileDeletedEvent(src_path))
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elif is_attrib_modified(kev):
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if descriptor.is_directory:
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self.queue_event(DirModifiedEvent(src_path))
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else:
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self.queue_event(FileModifiedEvent(src_path))
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elif is_modified(kev):
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if descriptor.is_directory:
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# When a directory is modified, it may be due to
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# sub-file/directory renames or new file/directory
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# creation. We determine all this by comparing
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# snapshots later.
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dirs_modified.add(src_path)
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else:
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self.queue_event(FileModifiedEvent(src_path))
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elif is_renamed(kev):
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# Kqueue does not specify the destination names for renames
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# to, so we have to process these after taking a snapshot
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# of the directory.
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if descriptor.is_directory:
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dirs_renamed.add(src_path)
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else:
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files_renamed.add(src_path)
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return files_renamed, dirs_renamed, dirs_modified
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def _queue_renamed(self,
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src_path,
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is_directory,
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ref_snapshot,
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new_snapshot):
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"""
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Compares information from two directory snapshots (one taken before
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the rename operation and another taken right after) to determine the
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destination path of the file system object renamed, and adds
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appropriate events to the event queue.
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"""
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try:
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ref_stat_info = ref_snapshot.stat_info(src_path)
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except KeyError:
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# Probably caught a temporary file/directory that was renamed
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# and deleted. Fires a sequence of created and deleted events
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# for the path.
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if is_directory:
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self.queue_event(DirCreatedEvent(src_path))
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self.queue_event(DirDeletedEvent(src_path))
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else:
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self.queue_event(FileCreatedEvent(src_path))
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self.queue_event(FileDeletedEvent(src_path))
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# We don't process any further and bail out assuming
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# the event represents deletion/creation instead of movement.
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return
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try:
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dest_path = absolute_path(
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new_snapshot.path_for_inode(ref_stat_info.st_ino))
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if is_directory:
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event = DirMovedEvent(src_path, dest_path)
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# TODO: Do we need to fire moved events for the items
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# inside the directory tree? Does kqueue does this
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# all by itself? Check this and then enable this code
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# only if it doesn't already.
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# A: It doesn't. So I've enabled this block.
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if self.watch.is_recursive:
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for sub_event in event.sub_moved_events():
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self.queue_event(sub_event)
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self.queue_event(event)
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else:
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self.queue_event(FileMovedEvent(src_path, dest_path))
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except KeyError:
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# If the new snapshot does not have an inode for the
|
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# old path, we haven't found the new name. Therefore,
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# we mark it as deleted and remove unregister the path.
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if is_directory:
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self.queue_event(DirDeletedEvent(src_path))
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else:
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self.queue_event(FileDeletedEvent(src_path))
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|
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def _read_events(self, timeout=None):
|
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"""
|
|
Reads events from a call to the blocking
|
|
:meth:`select.kqueue.control()` method.
|
|
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|
:param timeout:
|
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Blocking timeout for reading events.
|
|
:type timeout:
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``float`` (seconds)
|
|
"""
|
|
return self._kq.control(self._descriptors.kevents,
|
|
MAX_EVENTS,
|
|
timeout)
|
|
|
|
def queue_events(self, timeout):
|
|
"""
|
|
Queues events by reading them from a call to the blocking
|
|
:meth:`select.kqueue.control()` method.
|
|
|
|
:param timeout:
|
|
Blocking timeout for reading events.
|
|
:type timeout:
|
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``float`` (seconds)
|
|
"""
|
|
with self._lock:
|
|
try:
|
|
event_list = self._read_events(timeout)
|
|
files_renamed, dirs_renamed, dirs_modified = (
|
|
self._queue_events_except_renames_and_dir_modifications(event_list))
|
|
|
|
# Take a fresh snapshot of the directory and update the
|
|
# saved snapshot.
|
|
new_snapshot = DirectorySnapshot(self.watch.path,
|
|
self.watch.is_recursive)
|
|
ref_snapshot = self._snapshot
|
|
self._snapshot = new_snapshot
|
|
|
|
if files_renamed or dirs_renamed or dirs_modified:
|
|
for src_path in files_renamed:
|
|
self._queue_renamed(src_path,
|
|
False,
|
|
ref_snapshot,
|
|
new_snapshot)
|
|
for src_path in dirs_renamed:
|
|
self._queue_renamed(src_path,
|
|
True,
|
|
ref_snapshot,
|
|
new_snapshot)
|
|
self._queue_dirs_modified(dirs_modified,
|
|
ref_snapshot,
|
|
new_snapshot)
|
|
except OSError as e:
|
|
if e.errno == errno.EBADF:
|
|
# logging.debug(e)
|
|
pass
|
|
else:
|
|
raise
|
|
|
|
def on_thread_stop(self):
|
|
# Clean up.
|
|
with self._lock:
|
|
self._descriptors.clear()
|
|
self._kq.close()
|
|
|
|
|
|
class KqueueObserver(BaseObserver):
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
Observer thread that schedules watching directories and dispatches
|
|
calls to event handlers.
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
def __init__(self, timeout=DEFAULT_OBSERVER_TIMEOUT):
|
|
BaseObserver.__init__(self, emitter_class=KqueueEmitter, timeout=timeout)
|